Sewage Treatment

Advanced Oxidation Process vs Biological Process

S.NO	ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESS	BIOLOGICAL PROCESS
1	Does not depend upon environmental conditions.	Grossly depends on environmental conditions such as atmospheric temperature and pressure.
2	Can be operated in continuous mode depending upon the sewage generation pattern.	Has to be continuously operated. Otherwise the bacteria growth will be affected, hampering the efficiency of the process.
3	Does not require a separate tertiary treatment.	Requires an additional tertiary treatment to conform to pollution control board norms.
4	Occupies minimum area.	Needs huge area due to large civil construction involved.
5	90–98% efficiency is achievable.	If properly maintained, best possible efficiency is around 75–85%.
6	Capacity augmentation is simple as it is a modular concept and suitable for phase-wise expansion.	Capacity augmentation is tedious. Existing civil construction needs modification or demolition.
7	Can handle shock loads easily. Process upset can be rectified within hours.	Shock loads upset the system. Correction may take 10–30 days.
8	Does not generate sludge of its own.	Generates additional sludge that requires disposal and extra space.
9	Treated sewage will be clear and disinfected.	Treated sewage will not be clear and disinfected without tertiary treatment.
10	Clean operation with no smell during treatment.	Requires careful monitoring; foul smell may occur during process upset.
11	Suitable for biodegradable and non-biodegradable pollutants.	Mostly suitable for biodegradable sewage.
12	Can handle very high COD:BOD ratio.	Mostly suitable for COD:BOD ratio up to 3:1.
13	Can treat solvents also.	Most solvents are toxic to bacteria in biological processes.
14	Suspended solids and turbidity hinder process efficiency.	Suspended solids and turbidity hinder efficiency if not organic in nature.
15	Process efficiency depends on purity of oxidants.	No oxidant required up to primary and secondary stages.
16	Reduces TKN contributing to COD.	Special techniques are required to reduce TKN.
17	Reduces AOX (Absorbable Organic Halides).	Not effective for AOX removal.

Advantages of Modified ASP and AOP Technology

Less space requirement

Fully automatic operation

Can observe and handle shock loads effectively

Provides best disinfection performance

Low maintenance requirement

Highly suitable for hospitals and healthcare facilities

AOP Technology Benefits

AOP (Advanced Oxidation Process) is an excellent alternative to Chlorine and Hypochlorite systems. It is cost-effective, maintenance-free, and does not require feeding of consumable chemicals.